Use Is_String to Check if a Variable Is a String in PHP

The is_string() PHP function is used to check if a type of variable is a  string. A string is a data type, such as floating point or integer, but it represents text rather than numbers. A string uses a set of characters that includes spaces and numbers. For instance, an address such as 1234 Broadway and the sentence I ate 3 hotdogs contain numbers that should be treated as text, not as numbers. How to Use the Function Is_string is used within an if () statement to treat strings in one way and non-strings in another. It returns true or false. For example: ?php if (is_string(23)) {echo Yes;} else {echo No;}? The code above should output No because 23 is not a string. Lets try this again: ?php if (is_string(Hello World)) {echo Yes;} else {echo No;}? Since Hello World is a string, this would echo Yes. Specifying a String A string can be specified in four ways: Single quotedDouble quoted  Heredoc syntaxNowdoc Syntax Each of these methods requires strict adherence  to PHP rules, which are available at the PHP website. The simplest method, single-quoted strings, requires special treatment when literal single quotation marks or literal backslashes appear in the string. Include a backslash in front of the single quotation mark or backslash within the string. The example below illustrates this treatment: ?php//  Outputs:  Arnold said:  Ill  be  backecho  Arnold said:  I\ll  be  back;//  Outputs:  I  deleted  C:\*.*?echo  I  deleted  C:\\*.*?;? Similar Functions is_float() – determines if the type of variable is floatis_int() – determines if the type of variable is integeris_bool() – determines if a variable is a booleanis_object() – determines if a variable is an objectis_array() – determines if a variable is an arrayis_numeric() – determines if a value is a number or a numeric string

The Dangers Of Teenage Smoking Awareness - 987 Words

Teenage smoking awareness Old retired Grandpa lives with his family and takes care of all the family members as being the oldest member. He is a guidance to all his children. He had work for their local council before retirement for more then a decade. In the family he is the one that is very well aware Laws He is involved in making decision for the family. It had been about three years since his grandson had entered high school and he would casually ask for his grandson’s progress at school and makes sure that he enjoying his studies. After some time, he gets to know that his teenage grandson is smoking cigarettes on a regular basis. He decided to have a chat with his grandson in explaining why he shouldn’t get into the habit of smoking a cigarette. The grandpa straight goes to the point about why his grandson shouldn’t get in to the habit of smoking and he states that, â€Å"In a society it is not unordinary to see a teen year old child smoking a cigarette in public.† Grandpa describes how in big sports events in the major cities mostly around the world there are big cigarette companies sponsoring the sports event. Teenage students are the main participants of these sports events and here grandpa states his view on how he disagrees with the fact that big cigarette companies are sponsoring these events as it could have a negative affect on the teenage participants. He continues on by adding that smoking is also considered of being a serial killer for any addictive person whoShow MoreRelatedEssay about Condoms and the Illusion of Safe Sex1475 Words   |  6 Pagestakes the time to notice. Early in the twentieth century, smoking cigarettes became popular in America (â€Å"The #1 Preventable† 1). The average person had little awareness of the negative health effects of smoking other than perhaps throat irritation and coughing. In the 1920s, companies began claiming their brand of cigarettes was physician tested and approved (â€Å"Cigarettes were once† 2). With this in mind, the general public believed that smoking was not harmful at all. It was not until 1957 that a linkRead MoreHealth And Human Prevention Strategy I Chose Is The National Drug Control Strategy932 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Control Strategy. Drug abuse affects the whole nation economically, socially physically and mentally. Some of the problems caused by drug abuse includes highway accidents, crimes, school drop outs, sexually transmitted diseases, suicide, and teenage pregnancies (Healthy People 2020 n.d). This is a relevant topic to the advanced nurse practitioner because of the effects drugs have on human life. Drug abuse is associated with cardiac failure, mental problems, pulmonary and infectious diseasesRead MoreThe Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesThrough with Chew Using smokeless tobacco does not require inhaling smoke into the lungs, so therefore it is completely safer than smoking cigarette, right? Wrong. Unfortunately, â€Å"smokeless† and â€Å"harmless† are not interchangeable terms; as a matter of fact, there is absolutely no such thing as smokeless tobacco. Smokeless tobacco products come in many different shapes and forms, such as dip, chew, and snuff. These types of products allow users to get a kick of nicotine without having to inhale theRead MorePreventing Teens And Preteens From Tobacco Use927 Words   |  4 Pageshazardous. The main reason for this writing to inform the teens and preteens how harmful is tobacco smoking not only to themselves also to the people around them. Disease and death caused from tobacco smoking is highly preventable. 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Smoking, safety and food safety are lifestyle aspects that will be mentioned in this assignment, as they are also considered important health determinates. I’ve interviewed my friend’s family; they live in Abu Dhabi and consist of a father, mother, five sons and one blessing daughter. The family is well educated as the par ents both completed university, yet the mother stopped after that soRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana in the United States Essay1700 Words   |  7 Pagestheir use after age 34, by comparison, 15 percent of alcohol users and 32 percent of tobacco smokers display indicators of drug dependency. Cannabis withdrawal indicators are uncommon and do not need replacement medication to stop the habit. When smoking marijuana comes to an end of an intake, the vast majority of smokers do not feel subjected to uncomfortable withdrawal indicators commanding restarting the use of marijuana. The authority of marijuana is much more profound than plain human physiology;Read MoreEssay On How The Poster Is Relevant To Young People1175 Words   |  5 Pagesdrug mortality rate. The UNODC said there were between 1,700 and 2,100 drug-related deaths in 2013. This poster is relevant to young people and their reckless behaviour due to their age, where it is easy to control their minds during this period. Teenage people are passionate about adventure, don’t count the consequences and try to prove themselves. Therefore, it is effortless to convince young people to participate in risky behaviours. Why do people participate in this behaviour and how does thisRead MoreCigarette Advertisment Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesdaily lives. However, women were also especially targeted during the years of war in America, as most consumer goods were aimed at women since the majority of men were at war. To begin with, women were portrayed in cigarette ads as non-smoking admirers of smoking men, however, by 1927 cigarette adverts with women smokers began to appear in women’s magazines. In the years that came, brands such as Marlboro, continued to attract the female audience into buying cigarettes by using slogans like ‘’MildRead MoreEffects Of Smoking On Young People Essay2281 Words   |  10 PagesWaste energy †¢ Possible solutions o Nicotine gum o Advertisement on risk of smoking o Age limits of purchasing cigarettes o Warning labels o Awareness campaigns †¢ Reasons for quitting o Smoking is addictive o Smoking kills o Smoking is expensive †¢ Benefits of quitting o General health improves o More energy o Save money o Sense of taste and smell improves o Set an example for young people †¢ Conclusion CAUSES OF SMOKING ON TEENAGERS Background information Tobacco intake one of the main source of

Social Norms of Income Distribution Free Essays

During the period between 1929 and 1953, the United States occupational pay ratios and earning inequality is declined, mainly across World War II (Ober 1948, Phelps Brown 1977, Williamson and Lindert 1980, Goldin and Margo 1922b). The evidence showed that the condition of income inequality was occurrence in that period. Moreover, the problem of income inequality is declined. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Norms of Income Distribution or any similar topic only for you Order Now But, the problem of income inequality is existed. The government cannot spread the income distibution evenly. Many reasons obstructed the income distribution evenly. In my discussion, I concentrate to explain five reasons to influence the income distribution in the United States in the 20th century. Changing in social norms is related to the income distributions. Many people think that women represented a cheaper alternative for employers. Their jobs were viewed as temporary to be abandoned in favor of marriage and a home. High turnover combined with a large pool of replacements in any occupation will tend to depress wages, but it also means there is no incentive to provide career opportunities or invest much effort to train persons for more responsibility. Consequently, women tended to fill the more specialized and lower-paying work, while men moved into the new office manager roles. The fact is that clerical, service, and sales work does not yield significant financial returns to people with more formal education or longer work experience (Bibb Form, 1977). In large part, this is because most of these are low ceiling careers, lacking in meaningful promotion opportunities for higher paying positions. The jobs have been filled advantageous position by one sex or the other. The point is strongly influencing the income distributions. The point of the unionization is related to the income distributions. Unions have improved wages and benefits, increased job security, and protected workers from discriminatory managerial decisions. Male workers are more likely to be members of trade unions, thus enjoying the advantages of collective bargaining for wages and earning more than women (Flaherty Caniglia, 1992). Overall, women are about half as likely to be union members as men. Rinehart wrote,  ¡Ã‚ § This accommodation to capitalist power was formalized in what is known as the post  ¡V World War II compromise forged in the midst of the intense class struggles of the 1940s. This settlement between labor, big capital, and the state featured the establishment of a new industrial relations system and stipulated a set of trade  ¡V off. Unions were legally recognized and accorded organizational security. ¡ (P.184) Changing in the education level of the population is related to the income distribution. In the U.S, the financial return to a university or college degree also declined during the 1970s. One explanation of this phenomenon was the substantial increase the proportion of the population going to university, particularly the entry into the labor force of the  ¡Ã‚ § Baby-Boom ¡ generation during the 1970s (Welch 1979). Freeman (1976, 1980) argued that the demand for educated workers also declined, so that not all of the change in relative earnings could be attributed to temporary developments on the supply side. Dooley (1986) concluded that the entry of the large baby ¡Vboom cohort during this period did lower earnings growth for this group, but that this demographic effect could not account for the observed harrowing of earnings differentials by level of education. Dooley ¡s results thus suggest that demand  ¡V side forces may also have played a role. Changing in the age structure of the population is related to the income distribution. The shapes of the earning streams reflect the main key factors which is earnings increase with age but at a decreasing rate. This concave shape reflects the fact that individuals generally continue to make human capital investments in the form of on-the-job training and work experience once they have entered the labor force. This job experience adds more to their productivity and earning s early in their careers due to diminishing returns to experience. However, to the extent that education increases productivity, individuals with the same amount of work experience but more education will earn more, perhaps substantially more. Migration is related to the income distribution. Economic theory predicts that the forces of competition would serve to reduce pure regional wage differentials so that they reflect compensating differences, short-run adjustments, or noncompetitive factors. Those forces of competition were the movement of capital from high- to low-wage areas, and the movement of labor from low- to high-wage areas. Empirical evidence tends to verify the implications of migration as a human capital decision. In a recent study, Osberg, Gordon, and Lin (1994) explore the determinants of interregional and interindustry mobility of individuals in the Maritimes. Using the 1986-87 LMAS, they find that younger individuals and those with higher expected wage gains are more likely to migrate. As well, the process of migration tends to reduce the regional disparities that induce the migration decision. In conclusion, the five reasons are influence the income distribution in the United States in the 20th century. The social norms show that the income inequality is happened between men and women. The unionization shows that the unions have a power to improve the wages and benefits for their members. In this situation, the income inequality is happened between union ¡s members and non-unions members. Although the demand for education workers was declined, education people still earn more than the uneducated people do because they have an expertise knowledge and experience. Migration is benefits for the young individuals. They can have a chance to prove themselves. Therefore, the movement of migration decreases the regional disparities. How to cite Social Norms of Income Distribution, Papers

Mental Health Monitoring System

Question: Discuss about the Mental Health Monitoring System. Answer: Introduction: Suicide is a growing concern in Australia, New South Wales (NSW) being one of the most affected regions and the matter is worse among the youth. The report on the causes of death, published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), reflects a staggering 394 deaths due to intentional self- harm among the youth between the age of 15 and 24, out of which deaths in NSW amounts to 96 (ABS, 2016). The NSW Suicide Prevention Strategy of the NSW Health Department is also unable in curbing the rate of suicide in NSW. The reason for suicide includes a variety of causes including unemployment, substance abuse, depression and many others. Indigenous Youth Suicides among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders have remained consistent and have increased over the years. The indigenous population of Australia is subject to physical and social isolation, which complicates the process of reaching out to the sufferer. The indigenous communities settle in the rural and remote part of Australia, and do not avail the community and outpatient mental health services and the population is subject to substance abuse, depression and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which makes the indigenous community prone to suicidal tendencies. headspace headspace is the National Youth Mental Health Foundation that promotes the well-being of youth in Australia and provides services related to mental health to users in the age group of 12 to 25 years. The centres of the organization are located all over Australia and carries out a number of welfare and awareness programs to educate the population of Australia about the importance of mental health. headspace operates at a low or no charge. The organization provides an online and telephone service, named eheadspace that offers remote services to locations that does not have a headspace centre. The organization operates a School Support program to coordinate with school communities in responding to suicides. Issues in addressing the affected The assessment of mental health of an individual is a complex and time consuming process. The situation is worse in case of the youth. The psychology of an individual during adolescence is sensitive and young individuals often shut themselves emotionally to avoid interacting with the outside world. Change in consultants and treatment procedures compels the affected to repeat the condition, which aggravates the situation and the affected closes off without giving a chance to the treatment procedure. Centralized Information System - Capabilities The design of a centralized data repository to store data related to the youth and their mental health is essential and crucial for the administration of proper care to individuals affected by suicidal tendencies. The system will be composed of a database to support the backend and the front end will be composed of two parts: an online portal for the patients or the patient parties, to record the details of the illness themselves or the details will be communicated via telephone to the operators and the operators will record the details and a portal for professionals to note down observations. The data stored in the repository will be accessible to all professionals and new information reported by the patient or patient party will be added to the existing record. The system will be able to produce summarized information and reports based on the available data. The system will also be able to inform experts about cases they specialize in providing the experts with the trend of psychological disorder in the nation. The system will provide articles and information that will offer advices and recommendation about the primary concerns, symptoms to detect illness, patterns in heath issues and create awareness about the health concerns along with their mitigation procedures. Benefits of a centralised Information system A central repository containing data about every youth of the nation will prove beneficial on number of aspects. A centralised and accessible data repository will save the patient from repeating himself and the professionals will be able to study the case history of the patient along with the observation of other professionals. Professionals will be able to survey and study different cases before administering a particular treatment to a patient. The experts will be able to stay updated on the issues of their field. The report and information generation facility will be able to indicate and demarcate the issues and concerns based on region, culture, family history and many other aspects. Using the centralized system the Government will be able to identify national health concerns and uptake initiatives to address the issues and more importantly, the patients will be able to monitor and record incidents and progress of their health issues with ease. References Ahlberg, C., Wistrand, E., Thoresson, J., Truv, S., Weilenmann, K., Sparud, J. (2013).U.S. Patent Application No. 13/856,867. Australian Bureau of Statistics,. (2016).Underlying causes of death (Australia). Australian Bureau of Statistics,. (2016).Underlying causes of death (New South Wales). Cheung, Y. T. D., Spittal, M. J., Williamson, M. K., Tung, S. J., Pirkis, J. (2013). Application of scan statistics to detect suicide clusters in Australia.PloS one,8(1), e54168. Inquiry into Youth Suicide in the Northern Territory. (2011) (1st ed.). North Melbourne. Retrieved from https://www.nt.gov.au/lant/parliamentary-business/committees/ctc/youth-suicides/Submissions/Sub%20No.%2023,%20headspace,%207%20Oct%202011.pdf Krysinska, K., Batterham, P. J., Tye, M., Shand, F., Calear, A. L., Cockayne, N., Christensen, H. (2015). Best strategies for reducing the suicide rate in Australia.Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 0004867415620024. New ABS figures: youth suicide. (2016).Headspace.org.au. Retrieved 28 November 2016, from https://www.headspace.org.au/news/new-abs-figures-youth-suicide/ NSW Health Department,. (2016).Suicide in New South Wales. North Sydney: NSW Health Department. Wasserman, D. (Ed.). (2016).Suicide: an unnecessary death. Oxford University Press. Who we are. (2016).Headspace.org.au. Retrieved 28 November 2016, from https://www.headspace.org.au/about-us/who-we-are/